Bio-engineered TiO ₂ nanoparticles using <i>Ledebouria revoluta</i> extract: Larvicidal, histopathological, antibacterial and anticancer activity

Abstract

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been synthesised using bulb extract of Ledebouria revoluta. The prepared TiO2 nanoparticles were characterised by structural (XRD, FTIR), morphological (HRTEM) and optical (UV-Vis) analysis. XRD shows the bioengineered TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit an average crystalline size of 47 nm with tetragonal structure. In FTIR spectra, the peak 482 cm−1 is indicating the presence of Ti-O stretching vibration. The morphology of bioengineered TiO2 nanoparticles shows a spherical shape. Antibacterial activity of L. revoluta bulb aqueous extract and TiO2 nanoparticles were evaluated against human pathogens. The larvicidal activity of TiO2 nanoparticles showed LC50 (18.960 mg/mL) and LC90 (77.097 mg/mL) against Aedes aegypti. Anti-lung cancer activity of TiO2 nanoparticles was examined using MTT assay and it results in IC50 value of 53.65 µg/mL. Furthermore, bioengineered TiO2 nanoparticles will be applicable to pharmaceutical applications.