Sustained release formulation of Ondansetron HCl using osmotic drug delivery approach

Abstract

Ondansetron HCl (OSH) is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist indicated for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with radiotherapy (adults: 8 mg, t.i.d) and/or chemotherapy (adults: 8 mg, b.i.d to t.i.d) and prevention of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting (adults: 8 mg, b.i.d). In elderly subjects, bioavailability may be somewhat higher (65%) and lower clearance, presumably due to reduced hepatic first-pass metabolism. OSH is extensively distributed in the body; about 70-75% of the drug in plasma is protein-bound and terminal elimination half-life is about 3 h after oral administration. The study was aimed to develop Push-pull Osmotic Pump (PPOP) bi-layered tablets for Ondansetron HCl ER tablets. The granulation was carried out using non-aqeous solvents followed by compression, seal coating, semi permeable coating, laser drilling (0.6 mm), and drug film coating with loading dose. The drug release was controlled by swelleable osmotic polymers of pull layer and push layer and orifice on the surface of tablet. The formulations were optimized for its core composition, extended release coating (Semipermeable membrane) polymer as to plasticizer ratio and orifice diameter. Optimized formulations were evaluated for micromeritic properties and <i>in vitro</i> drug release. The analytical methods were developed and validated to estimate <i>in vitro</i> drug potency, drug release, and <i>in vivo</i> pharmacokinetic parameters. Stability studies were done as per the ICH guidelines. The results of <i>in vivo</i> study concludes that the once OSH ER dose consistently maintains plasma concentration of drug within the therapeutic window over a period of 24 h.