Retrograde intrarenal surgery and percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the treatment of stones in the horseshoe kidney; what are the advantages and disadvantages compared to each other?

Abstract

In the HSK anomaly, renal stones can be treated with RIRS and PCNL procedures with high success. With its minimal morbidity, low complication rates and the minor character of the associated complications, the RIRS procedure can sometimes be preferred to avoid complications related to PCNL in HSK anomaly with big sized kidney stones.