Use of GeneXpert MTB/RIF on a single pooled sputum specimen to exclude pulmonary tuberculosis among hospital inpatients placed in respiratory isolation

Abstract

A single pooled Xpert was non-inferior to 3AFB, with a strong trend towards greater sensitivity and better NPV. These findings support the use of a single pooled Xpert as an effective rapid screening approach for ruling out PTB in low incidence settings. Its value in high incidence settings and optimal combination with smear microscopy and culture warrant further evaluation.