Polluted Groundwater Treatment in Southeastern Algeria by Solar Distillation

Abstract

Abstract: Drinking water has become a real global problem. Drinking water is defined as odourless and colorless wate. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), drinking water contains minerals shall not have more than 0.5 g/l of salinity, hardness (TH) of between 1.5 and 3 degrees and shall not contain more than 200 mg/l of chlorine, neither more than 75 mg/Lof calcium nor more than 50 mg/l of magnesium nor more than 150 mg/l of sulphates. In the region of El Oued in south-eastern Algeria, the waters contain very high concentrations of the products mentioned above, which is why solar distillation is one of the suggested solutions to solve this problem. Solar distillation is an environmental, economical and simple technique. It uses free sunlight to treat polluted water to have a drinking waterin the proportions are the pH = 7.12 and the electrical conductivity = 0.0231 s/m. A conventional solar still of 0.5 x 0.5 m has been designed to confirm this result.