Loss of Preexisting Immunological Memory Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Women Despite Immune Reconstitution With Antiretroviral Therapy

Abstract

Despite antiretroviral therapy-associated improvement in CD4+ T-cell counts (nadir, <200/μL; >350/μL after antiretroviral therapy), antigen-specific CD4+ T-cell memory to vaccinations or infections that occurred before HIV infection did not recover after immune reconstitution, and a previously unrealized decline in preexisting antibody responses was observed.