Impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ release is the major cause of fatigue‐induced force loss in intact single fibres from human intercostal muscle

Abstract

Changes in intracellular Ca²⁺ handling of individual skeletal muscle fibres cause a force depression following physical activity and are also implicated in disease-related loss of function. The relation of intracellular Ca²⁺ handling with muscle force production and fatigue tolerance is best studied in intact living single fibres that allow continuous measurements of force and myoplasmic free [Ca²⁺ ] during repeated contractions. To this end, manual dissections of human intercostal muscle biopsies were performed to isolate intact single fibres. Based on the ability to maintain tetanic force at >40% of the initial value during 500 fatiguing contractions, fibres were classified as either fatigue sensitive or fatigue resistant. Following fatigue all fibres demonstrated a marked reduction in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ release, while myofibrillar Ca²⁺ sensitivity was either unaltered or increased. In unfatigued fibres, acidosis caused a reduction in myofibrillar Ca²⁺ sensitivity that was offset by increased tetanic myoplasmic free [Ca²⁺ ] so that force remained unaffected. Acidification did not affect the fatigue tolerance of fatigue-resistant fibres, whereas uncertainties remain whether or not fatigue-sensitive fibres were affected. Following fatigue, a prolonged force depression at preferentially low-frequency stimulation was evident in fatigue-sensitive fibres and this was caused exclusively by an impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ release. We conclude that impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ release is the predominant mechanism of force depression both in the development of, and recovery from, fatigue in human intercostal muscle.