Comparison of outcomes of haploidentical donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation supported by third-party cord blood with HLA-matched unrelated donor transplantation

Abstract

Previous study indicated that co-infusion of cord blood cells may potentially improve the outcome of haploidentical donor (HID) transplantation. In this study, we analyzed the outcomes of patients who underwent HID transplantation supported by cord blood when compared with HLA-matched unrelated donor (URD) transplantation. Starting in 2015, 40 patients with hematopoietic malignancies underwent HID transplantation and 26 patients underwent URD transplantation. Hematopoietic recovery, the incidences of grade II–IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and chronic GVHD was comparable in the two groups. At two year, the relapse risk in HID group was significantly lower than in URD group (RR 4.630; 95%CI, 1.081–19.839; p = .039). Moreover, HID group have prolonged PFS (RR 2.642; 95%CI, 1.046–6.672; p = .040). In conclusion, HID transplantation supported by cord blood results in better outcomes compared with URD transplantation and it might be a favorable alternative to a HLA-matched URD transplantation.