Epidemiology · 1999 · 57 citations · 16 references
MedicineNutritionOncologyCancer EpidemiologyEpidemiologyRisk Factor AnalysisAgricultural Risk AssessmentCancer IncidenceCancer RiskGenitourinary Cancer EpidemiologyOccupational Cancer PreventionProstate CancerAge-related Cancer RiskCohort Study InvestigationMen FarmersProstate Cancer EpidemiologyProstate Cancer IncidenceProstate Cancer MortalityProstate Cancer Risk StratificationProstate Disease Epidemiology
Although farming has been linked to prostate cancer mortality, few investigations have addressed its association with prostate cancer incidence. We followed a population-based cohort of 1,177 cancer-free men for up to 9 years and identified 81 incident prostate cancers. Men whose usual occupation was farmer were at an increased risk of prostate cancer after adjustment for age, smoking, alcohol, and dietary factors (RR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.0-2.7). Exclusion of well-differentiated, localized tumors slightly strengthened the association (RR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.1-3.6). Risk was confined to older (age 70+ years) farmers (RR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1-4.3); we found no evidence of an effect among younger farmers (RR = 1.0; 95% CI = 0.4-2.1).
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The Case-Specular Study Design and Counterfactual Controls
Malcolm Maclure · Epidemiology · 1998 · 286 citations
Occupation, Cadmium Exposure, and Prostate Cancer
N. A. Elghany, Mary Catherine Schumacher, Martha L. Slattery et al. · Epidemiology · 1990 · 135 citations
Public Health, Oncology, Toxicology +17