Effects of calcium concentration on nonviral gene delivery to bone marrow‐derived stem cells

Abstract

Ca²⁺ at a 10 mM concentration can significantly reduce toxicity and enhance transfection efficiency when combined with PEI-pDNA complexes, and this combination can be specifically applied to further enhance the differentiation of BMSCs by using the combination of polyethyleneimine-plasmid bone morphogenetic protein 2 (PEI-pBMP-2) and 10 mM Ca²⁺ as compared with PEI-pBMP-2 alone.