Technical results, clinical efficacy and predictors of outcome of intercostal arteries embolization for hemothorax: a two-institutions’ experience

Abstract

ICA embolization was found to be a safe and effective method in treating hemothorax caused by active ICA haemorrhage. Careful pre-embolization evaluation may be required for patient with low haemoglobin levels and haematocrit, hepatic comorbidities and active haemorrhage from more than one artery.