Nanocellulose fabrication from <i>Oryza sativa L</i> . rice straw using combined treatment by hydrogen peroxide and dilute sulfuric acid solution

Abstract

A novel and facile multi-stage treatment of rice straw by hydrogen peroxide solution was used for the preparation of nanocellulose from rice straw in Vietnam. Firstly, the rice straw was treated by hydrogen peroxide and dilute sulfuric acid using sodium molybdate as a catalyst in optimal conditions followed by the alkaline extraction and peroxide bleaching for obtaining cellulose pulp with a brightness of 82% ISO. Secondly, the obtained bleached cellulosic pulp was treated with a dilute solution at 100–150°C followed by refining. After refining, nanocellulose was achieved in solution with a concentration of around 0.05–0.2%. The SEM images showed that the nanocellulose material had a particle diameter ranging up to 100 nm. Nanocellulose size fraction was determined by computer software NIS-Elements Br. The characteristics of nanocellulose were studied by FTIR and XRD.