An Optical/Photoacoustic Dual-Modality Probe: Ratiometric in/ex Vivo Imaging for Stimulated H₂S Upregulation in Mice

Abstract

Tracking signaling H₂S in live mice demands responsive imaging with fine tissue imaging depth and low interferences from tissue scattering/autofluorescence and probe concentration. With complementary advantages of fluorescence and photoacoustic (PA) imaging, optical/PA dual-modality imaging was suggested for in/ex vivo H₂S imaging. Therefore, a <i>meso</i>-benzoyloxyltricarboheptamethine cyanine, <b>HS-CyBz</b>, was prepared as the first ratiometric optical/PA dual-modality probe for H₂S, profiting from a keto-enol transition sensing mechanism. Tail intravenous injection of this probe leads to probe accumulation in the liver of mice, and the endogenous H₂S upregulation triggered by <i>S</i>-adenosyl-l-methionine has been verified by ratiometric optical/PA imaging, suggesting the promising potential of this ratiometric dual-modality imaging.