TANK-to-WHEELS ReportVersion 4.0

Abstract

The Tank-to-Wheel study described in this report includes several different fuel–powertrain configurations for conventional1 (i.e. “ICE-only”) as well as electrified (i.e. “xEV”) vehicles. \nThese variants are considered for 2010 (including technologies in the market in the years 2008 up to 2012) to represent the current state-of-the-art in automotive industry and for 2020+