Design and Construction of Sodium Polysulfides Defense System for Room‐Temperature Na–S Battery

Abstract

Room-temperature Na-S batteries are facing one of the most serious challenges of charge/discharge with long cycling stability due to the severe shuttle effect and volume expansion. Herein, a sodium polysulfides defense system is presented by designing and constructing the cathode-separator double barriers. In this strategy, the hollow carbon spheres are decorated with MoS₂ (HCS/MoS₂) as the S carrier (S@HCS/MoS₂). Meanwhile, the HCS/MoS₂ composite is uniformly coated on the surface of the glass fiber as the separator. During the discharge process, the MoS₂ can adsorb soluble polysulfides (NaPSs) intermediates and the hollow carbon spheres can improve the conductivity of S as well as act as the reservoir for electrolyte and NaPSs, inhibiting them from entering the anode to make Na deteriorate. As a result, the cathode-separator group applied to room-temperature Na-S battery can enable a capacity of ≈1309 mAh g^-1 at 0.1 C and long cycling life up to 1000 cycles at 1 C. This study provides a novel and effective way to develop durable room-temperature Na-S batteries.