Isoproterenol Disrupts Intestinal Barriers Activating Gut-Liver-Axis: Effects on Intestinal Mucus and Vascular Barrier as Entry Sites

Abstract

Isoproterenol impairs the intestinal muco-epithelial and endothelial-vascular barrier promoting PBT to the liver. This barrier dysfunction on multiple levels potentially can contribute to liver injury induced by catecholamines during states of increased β-adrenergic drive.