Serum Vitamin D Deficiency Is an Independent Risk Factor for Thyroid Eye Disease

Abstract

Low serum vitamin D is associated with TED diagnosis. Assessing and supplementing vitamin D levels may be an important addition to the early management of GD patients. Future research should include longitudinal studies and prospective clinical trials to further explore the mechanism responsible for the observed association.Thyroid eye disease is an inflammatory orbitopathy associated with Graves disease. Vitamin D is a known immune system regulator. The authors show that vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of thyroid eye disease.