Thyroid hormone signaling specifies cone subtypes in human retinal organoids

Abstract

Here, developmental regulation of deiodinases DIO2 and DIO3 were identified as main regulators of thyroid hormone dependent sequential cone subtype specification in human retinal organoids. Either complete loss of thyroid hormone signaling or non-physiologically high thyroid hormone levels completely suppressed either medium and long wavelength cones or short wavelength cones, respectively.