Yolk–Shell Structured Au Nanostar@Metal–Organic Framework for Synergistic Chemo-photothermal Therapy in the Second Near-Infrared Window

Abstract

Light-sensitive yolk-shell nanoparticles (YSNs) as remote-controlled and stimuli-responsive theranostic platforms provide an attractive method for synergistic cancer therapy. Herein, a kind of novel stimuli-responsive multifunctional YSNs has been successfully constructed by integrating star-shaped gold (Au star) nanoparticles as the second near-infrared (NIR-II) photothermal yolks and biodegradable crystalline zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as the shells. In this platform, a chemotherapeutic drug (doxorubicin hydrochloride, DOX) was encapsulated into the cavity, which can show the behavior of controlled release due to the degradation process of ZIF-8 in the mildly acidic tumor microenvironment. Upon the 1064 nm (NIR-II biowindow) laser irradiation, gold nanostar@ZIF-8 (Au@MOF) nanoparticles exhibited outstanding synergistic anticancer effect based on their photothermal and promoted cargo release properties. Moreover, the strong NIR region absorbance endows the Au@MOF of NIR thermal imaging and photoacoustic (PA) imaging properties. This work contributes to design a stimuli-responsive "all-in-one" nanocarrier that realizes bimodal imaging diagnosis and chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy.