CAR‑T 19 combined with reduced‑dose PD‑1 blockade therapy for treatment of refractory follicular lymphoma: A case report

Abstract

Anti‑CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR‑T) therapy has changed the typical outcomes of relapsed/refractory B‑cell leukemia and lymphoma. However, treatment effectiveness for patients with relapsed/refractory B‑cell non‑Hodgkin lymphoma has been less satisfactory compared with patients with B‑cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The present study described a case of refractory follicular lymphoma. A high expression of programmed cell death 1 (PD‑1) was measured on CD3+ T cells (80.90%) in peripheral blood samples obtained from the patient enrolled in this study, indicating that treatment with autologous CAR‑T 19 cell therapy may not be successful. Therefore, a therapy regimen consisting of CAR‑T 19 cells in combination with a reduced dose of nivolumab (1.5 mg/kg) for PD‑1 blockade was used. A low dose of PD‑1 blockade therapy was used to reduce the adverse effects associated with the combination of a PD‑1 inhibitor and CAR‑T 19 cells. This salvage therapy resulted in remission that lasted for >10 months.