Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of three halophyte plants from Algeria and detection of some biomolecules by HPLC-DAD

Abstract

Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts (30/70) from leaves and stems of three halophytes (<i>Tamarix africana, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum</i> and <i>Suaeda fruticose</i>) was investigated. <i>In vivo</i> toxicological study and anti-inflammatory activity of leaf extract of <i>T. africana</i> were tested on carrageenan-induced inflammatory paw edema. <i>T. africana</i> possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity at 150 and 300 mg/kg confirmed by histological study of inflamed tissues. Six phenolic acids and 10 flavonoids where identified by HPLC-DAD. Gallic acid, Rutin and Kaempferol-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside were the major compounds. For the antibiotic assays, <i>S. fruticosa</i> leaf extract exhibited strong bactericidal power against <i>S. aureus</i> with MBC of 1.25 mg/mL whereas <i>T. africana</i> leaf and stem samples exhibited a significant bactericidal activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i> compared to the negative control (Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol). Crude leaf and stem extracts from <i>T. africana</i> and stem extract from <i>S. fruticosa</i> exhibited a strong antifungal effect against <i>C. albicans</i>.