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The comparison of auditory, tactile, and multimodal warnings for the effective communication of unexpected events during an automated driving scenario

Automated Driving ScenarioUnexpected EventsCognitive ScienceEngineeringAssistive TechnologyWarning SystemDriver BehaviorRoad Traffic SafetyAutomationSafety ScienceEffective CommunicationSystems EngineeringAdvanced Driver-assistance SystemIntelligent SystemsCommunicationSpeech PerceptionDriver PerformanceSpeech Communication