Comparing <i>Stagonosporopsis</i> spp. Fungicide Resistance Profiles in Florida and East China Cucurbit Production Systems

Abstract

Gummy stem blight, caused by <i>Stagonosporopsis</i> spp., is a major disease of cucurbits in the United States and China that is managed primarily through the use of fungicides. The objective of this study was to monitor and compare the recent fungicide resistance profiles of <i>Stagonosporopsis</i> spp. in Florida open-field and East China protected-structure production systems. Isolates of <i>Stagonosporopsis</i> spp. were evaluated for sensitivity to the commonly used fungicides azoxystrobin, boscalid, tebuconazole, and thiophanate-methyl at discriminatory rates of 0.096, 0.034, 0.128, and 100 mg/liter, respectively. Isolates were collected from Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, and Anhui provinces in China (<i>n</i> = 69), 12 counties in Florida (<i>n</i> = 89), and one county in Georgia (<i>n</i> = 6). More than 50% of isolates from Florida and East China were resistant to thiophanate-methyl. Boscalid resistance was detected in both isolate collections but was two times more frequent in China. Resistance to azoxystrobin was detected in 66% of isolates in Florida but only 7% in China. Tebuconazole was effective in controlling the mycelia growth of <i>Stagonosporopsis</i> spp. in both collections. The results indicate that both production systems currently face similar challenges related to the development of fungicide resistance in <i>Stagonosporopsis</i> spp. However, the resistance profiles are unique for both production systems.