Translocation of Dense Granule Effectors across the Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane in <i>Toxoplasma-</i> Infected Cells Requires the Activity of ROP17, a Rhoptry Protein Kinase

Abstract

When Toxoplasma infects a cell, it establishes a protective parasitophorous vacuole surrounding it. While this vacuole provides protection, it also serves as a barrier to the export of parasite effector proteins that impact and take control of the host cell. Our discovery here that the parasite rhoptry protein ROP17 is necessary for export of these effector proteins provides a distinct, novel function for ROP17 apart from its known role in protecting the vacuole. This will enable future research into ways in which we can prevent the export of effector proteins, thereby preventing Toxoplasma from productively infecting its animal and human hosts.