Nano-Encapsulation of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Their Metabolites Using Alginate-Silica Nanoparticles and Carbon Nanotube Improves UCB1 Pistachio Micropropagation

Abstract

VRU1 nanocapsules significantly enhanced the root length and proliferation. The nanoformulation of the VUPF5 metabolite led to the highest root length (6.26 cm) and the largest shoot (3.34 cm). Inoculation of explants with the formulation of the metabolites (both bacterial strains) significantly elevated the average shoot length and the fresh weight of plant compared to the control. The explants were dried completely using both bacterial strains directly and with capsule coating after the three days.