Closed form algorithm of double-satellite TDOA + AOA localization based on WGS-84 model

Abstract

In this paper, we consider the double-satellite localization under the earth ellipsoid model of the Wideband Geodetic System (WGS-84) using the Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and the Angle-of-Arrival (AOA). Several closed-form solution algorithms via the pseudo-linearization of the measurement equations are presented to efficiently estimate the location. These algorithms include the Weighted Least Squares (WLS), the Constrained Total Least Squares (CTLS), and the Taylor-Series Iteration (TSI). Performance comparison of the proposed methods with the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) in the simulation is shown to demonstrate that the proposed algorithms are feasible and have stable performance.