Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) as Green and Efficient Solvent/Catalyst Systems for the Synthesis of Carbamates and Ureas from Carbonates

Abstract

Abstract The use of sustainable deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as stable and green solvent/catalyst systems shows unprecedented high efficiency in the formation of carbamates and ureas from carbonates without any additional solvent. This new protocol provides a simple, fast, economically and eco‐friendly method for the synthesis of broad scope carbamates and ureas providing remarkable yields in the presence of choline chloride:Zinc(II) chloride ([ChCl][ZnCl 2 ] 2 ) under the mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the [ChCl][ZnCl 2 ] 2 can be reused for over five consecutive cycles without any significant loss of activity.