Differentially Expressed Genes Associated With Prognosis in Locally Advanced Lymph Node-Negative Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Older age is one of the main risk factors for cancer development. The incidence of prostate cancer, as a multifactorial disease, also depends upon demographic factors, race, and genetic predisposition. Prostate cancer most frequently occurs in men over 60 years of age, indicating a clear association between older age and disease onset. Carcinogenesis is followed by the deregulation of many genes, and some of these changes could serve as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of drug therapy efficacy, as well as possible therapeutic targets. We have performed a bioinformatic analysis of a The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and RNA-Seq profiling of a Russian patient cohort to reveal prognostic markers of locally advanced lymph node-negative prostate cancer (lymph node-negative LAPC). We also aimed to identify markers of the most common molecular subtype of prostate cancer carrying a fusion transcript <i>TMPRSS2-ERG</i>. We have found several genes that were differently expressed between the favorable and unfavorable prognosis groups and involved in the enriched KEGG pathways based on the TCGA (<i>B4GALNT4</i>, <i>PTK6</i>, and <i>CHAT</i>) and Russian patient cohort data (<i>AKR1C1</i> and <i>AKR1C3</i>). Additionally, we revealed such genes for the <i>TMPRSS2-ERG</i> prostate cancer molecular subtype (<i>B4GALNT4</i>, <i>ASRGL1</i>, <i>MYBPC1</i>, <i>RGS11</i>, <i>SLC6A14</i>, <i>GALNT13</i>, and <i>ST6GALNAC1</i>). Obtained results contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind prostate cancer progression and could be used for further development of the LAPC prognosis marker panel.