A homogeneous p–n junction diode by selective doping of few layer MoSe₂ using ultraviolet ozone for high-performance photovoltaic devices

Abstract

The realization of p-n homojunctions, which can be achieved via spatially controlled carrier-type modulation, remains a challenge for two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. Here, we report an effective method to tune intrinsic n-type few-layer MoSe₂ to p-type through controlling precisely the ultraviolet-ozone treatment time, which can be attributed to the surface charge transfer from the underlying MoSe₂ to MoO_x (x < 3). The resulting hole mobility and concentration are ∼20.1 cm² V^-1 s^-1 and ∼1.9 × 10¹² cm^-2, respectively, and the on-off ratio is ∼10⁵, which are comparable to the values of pristine n-type MoSe₂. Moreover, the lateral p-n homojunction prepared by partially treating MoSe₂ displays a high rectification ratio of 2.4 × 10⁴, an ideality factor of 1.1, and a high photoresponsivity of 0.23 A W^-1 to the 633 nm laser at V_d = 0 V and V_g = 0 V due to the built-in potential in the p-n homojunction area. Our findings ensure the MoSe₂ p-n diode as a promising candidate for future low-power operating photodevices.