The Influences of Stigma on Sexuality among Sexual and Gender Minoritized Individuals in Urban India

Abstract

Indian sexual and gender minoritized (SGM) individuals face marginalization and discrimination. Objectives: This study examines stigma's effects on sexuality among SGM individuals in urban India. Methods: We conducted 5 focus group discussions and 27 interviews with SGM-identified adults connected to SGM-advocacy organizations in 3 cities (Chennai, Bangalore, Kolkata). Results: Stigma affected sexuality in the following ways: gender-specific stigma and behavioral norms, sexual identity-specific stigma, partners' stigma and buffering effects of partner, heterosexual marriage pressure, and limited sexual healthcare. Conclusions: Although there were similarities with stigma's effects in Western environments, the unique Indian context necessitates further research for more targeted interventions.