Synthesis of α,β-Alkynyl Esters and Unsymmetrical Maleate Esters Catalyzed by Pd/C; An Efficient Phosphine-Free Catalytic System for Oxidative Alkoxycarbonylation of Terminal Alkynes

Abstract

Pd/C-catalyzed oxidative alkoxycarbonylation of terminal alkynes using alcohols in the presence of tetrabutylammonium iodide under CO/O₂ (5:1 atm) has been investigated. The desired α,β-alkynyl esters and unsymmetrical maleate esters are formed in good to excellent yields under different reaction conditions. The present protocol eliminates the use of phosphine ligands and has straightforward catalyst recovery. The catalyst was recycled up to six times without significant loss of catalytic activity.