Variety, Constraint, and the Law of Requisite Variety

A Mathematical Theory of Communication

Claude E. Shannon · Bell System Technical Journal · 1948 · 80.7K citations

Engineering, Communication, Electrical Engineering +11

THE SECOND CYBERNETICS Deviation-Amplifying Mutual Causal Processes

Magoroh Maruyama · 1963 · 801 citations

Engineering, Ecology, Economics +17

Metamagical Themas: Questing for the Essence of Mind and Pattern

Charles Taylor, Douglas R. Hofstadter · The Antioch Review · 1985 · 434 citations

Humanities, Philosophy, Philosophy Of Language +9

The Cybernetic Brain: Sketches of Another Future

Kybernetes · 2011 · 273 citations

Life Sciences, Computer Science, Neuroscience +12

Darwin among the machines: the evolution of global intelligence

Choice Reviews Online · 1997 · 153 citations

Life Sciences, Computer Science, Evolutionary Biology +12