Commercialization of Lithium Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles

TLDR

Commercially available lithium‑ion batteries have enabled practical electric vehicles by meeting stringent energy density, lifetime, safety, power, and cost targets, yet further development is needed as the next wave of consumer EVs approaches. The review surveys state‑of‑the‑art active electrode materials and cell chemistries for automotive batteries, covering performance, production, and cost. The review discusses advances and challenges across material design, cell, and pack levels for the rapidly evolving automotive market, and evaluates promising new battery chemistries for meeting future EV targets.

Abstract

Abstract The currently commercialized lithium‐ion batteries have allowed for the creation of practical electric vehicles, simultaneously satisfying many stringent milestones in energy density, lifetime, safety, power, and cost requirements of the electric vehicle economy. The next wave of consumer electric vehicles is just around the corner. Although widely adopted in the vehicle market, lithium‐ion batteries still require further development to sustain their dominating roles among competitors. In this review, the authors survey the state‐of‐the‐art active electrode materials and cell chemistries for automotive batteries. The performance, production, and cost are included. The advances and challenges in the lithium‐ion battery economy from the material design to the cell and the battery packs fitting the rapid developing automotive market are discussed in detail. Also, new technologies of promising battery chemistries are comprehensively evaluated for their potential to satisfy the targets of future electric vehicles.