Evaluation of anticancer effect in vitro and in vivo of iridium(III) complexes on gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells

Abstract

This work mainly introduces the synthesis and characterization of three iridium(III) complexes [Ir(ppy)₂(adppz)](PF₆) (Ir-1), [Ir(bzq)₂(addpz)](PF₆) (Ir-2) and [Ir(piq)₂(adppz)](PF₆) (Ir-3). The complexes are more cytotoxic than cisplatin against tumor cell lines such as SGC-7901, A549, HeLa, Eca-109, HepG2 and BEL-7402. The toxicity test results indicated that complexes Ir-1, Ir-2 and Ir-3 can effectively inhibit the cell growth of SGC-7901 cells, and the measured IC₅₀ values are 1.8 ± 0.4, 1.6 ± 0.3 and 0.8 ± 0.1 μM, respectively. AO/EB staining and flow apoptosis confirmed that SGC-7901 cells were caused apoptosis after being treated with the complexes. Along with the increase of endogenous ROS and Ca²⁺ levels, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and massive release of cytochrome c, it is fully demonstrated that these complexes induce apoptosis through ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway. At the same time, the complex Ir-3 is outstanding in the inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. Combined with the above results, it provides a favorable foundation for the future development of more effective anti-tumor drugs.