Monitoring the Built-up Area Transformation Using Urban Index and Normalized Difference Built-up Index Analysis

Abstract

Makassar is one of the metropolitan cities located in Indonesia which recently experiences massive an increased construction because of population growth. Mapping the spatial distribution and development of the built-up region is the best method that can use as an indicator to set the urban planning policy. The purpose of this study is to identify changes in land use and density in Makassar City that occurred in 2013 and 2017 primarily for built areas, including settlements using optical data, especially Landsat data. The data analyzed by using multi-temporal Landsat OLI 8 data taken from 2013 to 2017. Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI), Urban Index (UI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are the spectral indices produced from Landsat OLI band covering Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) wavelength, visible Red (R) and Near Infrared (NIR) areas that can be revealed by examining changes in land use and area cover. The result shows that both spectral indices namely NDBI and UI indicate an increased built-up area approximately 18 and 6%, respectively over four years. Also, based on NDBI reveals that most an increased built-up area distributes in the north of Makassar (Biringkanaya sub-district), meanwhile UI shows that Biringkanaya and Manggala sub-districts experience an increased built-up area. The development of the city will also never be separated from the history of city growth, current conditions, and the growth of the town to come. The phenomenon of the development of the town will include the development of city elements in detail, aspects of the shape of the town and the development of city regulations.