Model Experiments to Determine Ice Forces on Conical Structures

Abstract

Abstract Reduced-scale experiments were conducted in 1971 to study the forces experienced by conical structures during encounters with uniformly thick fields of ice. The tests were conducted in a model basin which was designed to test the behavior of ships and floating platforms in ice. A liquid nitrogen spray system was used to produce fields of high-salinity, fine-crystalline, ice which has the properties of elastic modulus and strength scaled down substantially below full-scale values.