Effects of phytoestrogens on the activity and growth of primary breast cancer cells <i>ex vivo</i>

Abstract

In the presence of E₂ , these phytoestrogens lose the effects of suppressing breast cancer cells; contrastingly, induce growth stimulatory effects by inhibiting apoptosis and stimulating proliferation in primary breast cancer cells. Thus, the effects of phytoestrogens on breast cancer should be considered as E₂ still present in breast cancer tissue.