Impact of Electric Bus Charging on the Power Distribution System a Case Study IEEE 33 Bus Test System

Abstract

Electric buses (Ebus) have become increasingly used, especially in the metropolitan area, to reduce pollution from carbon monoxide and dust. However, the use of an Ebus requires charging from the power distribution system, which may affect the stability of the system. This paper is a study of the impact of electric bus charging on the power distribution system a case study IEEE 33 bus test system. The study also included Ebus charging integrated with distributed generation (DG) system to improve voltage level. The power flow was calculated using the Newton-Raphson method and the size and location of DG calculated by the voltage deviation index (VDI). The simulation results show the impact of Ebus charging on the system. The fast charging of 6 minutes at 300 kW power, system voltage dropped 0.8139 p.u., mean voltage 0.9014 p.u. The voltage improvement by installing DG on buses 18 and 33 at 1.0 MW and 1.4 MW respectively. The results show that the system voltage increased to 0.9533 p.u., the voltage means 0.9735 p.u. The Ebus charging causes the voltage drop on the power system, which affects the reliability of the system. It is a larger load than the charging of electric vehicles. The installation of DG into the system makes it possible to adjust the voltage level to the standard value.