Changes in the chemical composition and the structure of cellulose and lignin in elm wood exposed to various forms of arsenic

Abstract

The chemical composition of wood depends on many factors, including plant growth conditions. Among the many dangerous elements it was decided in this study to select arsenic in various forms: As(III), As(V) and cacodylic acid (DMAA), as well as various concentrations and mutual combinations. The experiment was conducted on 1-year old elm seedlings planted in pots with an addition of Knop medium and arsenic. Supplementation of the substrate with each arsenic form caused changes in contents of cellulose and lignin as well as extractive substances and those soluble in 1% NaOH. Arsenic also led to changes in the structure of basic wood components. The FTIR analysis showed the greatest changes under the influence of As(V), As(III)/As(V)/DMA. Despite high arsenic concentration in the substrate 1-year old elm seedlings survived the period of the experiment, thus providing valuable results and broadening our knowledge on the response of trees to the environment contaminated with arsenic.