Developmental Pharmacology and Therapeutics · 2019 · 20 citations · 0 references
PharmacyClinical PharmacokineticsPharmacokineticsAntimicrobial PharmacologyPediatric Clinical PharmacologyPediatric TherapeuticsNeonatal Drug TherapyNeonatal InfectionsPediatric Antibiotic TherapyPediatric Antimicrobial TherapyPediatric PharmacokineticsPharmacokinetics Of AntimicrobialsAntimicrobial Pharmacokinetics In PediatricsDrug Elimination Half-lifeGestation PeriodHigh-performance Liquid ChromatographyNeonatal Clinical PharmacologyNeonatal Therapeutic Drug MonitoringPharmacokinetics In InfancyPharmacokinetics In Neonates
Pharmacokinetic parameters of cefotaxime (CTX) and its metabolite desacetylcefotaxime (DCTX) were assessed on the 3rd day of treatment in 10 preterm infants (28-37 weeks gestation) aged 3-8 days and receiving 25 mg/kg CTX twice daily. Blood samples were collected from an umbilical artery catheter at 0, 0.08, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 h after a short peripheral infusion (5 min) and were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. During the 12 h following the CTX infusion, serum concentrations of CTX remained above the mean bactericidal concentration for pathogens commonly isolated during the neonatal period. The mean (+/- SD) elimination half-life, volume of distribution, total body clearance and area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC0-12 h) for CTX were: 3.68 +/- 1.48 h (range: 1.89-6.82), 431 +/- 149 ml/kg (219-636), 1.57 +/- 0.80 ml/kg/min (0.60-3.27) and 373 +/- 206 micrograms/ml/h (170-867), respectively. The AUC0-12 h for DCTX was 170 +/- 93 micrograms/ml/h (61-374). A significant inverse relationship was found between gestational age and the elimination half-life of CTX, and the AUC of both CTX and DCTX.