Procedural and one-year outcomes of patients treated with orbital and rotational atherectomy with mechanistic insights from optical coherence tomography

Abstract

AIMS: We sought to evaluate procedural complications and one-year clinical outcomes for patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with orbital (OA) and rotational atherectomy (RA). METHODS AND RESULTS: From a total of 13,467 patients who underwent PCI in our hospital between January 2013 and June 2016, 1,149 consecutive patients were treated with atherectomy for moderately-severely calcified lesions (184 with OA, 965 with RA). Procedural complications were similarly observed in the two groups except for higher dissection and perforation rates with OA. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as the composite of death, myocardial infarction or target lesion revascularisation. Multivariable adjusted analysis showed that OA use was associated with comparable adjusted one-year MACE compared to RA use (hazard ratio 0.79 [95% confidence interval 0.54-1.17], p=0.25). There were no significant differences in individual MACE endpoints. Furthermore, we studied 67 patients with OCT images. OCT analysis showed comparable tissue modification with a trend towards higher stent expansion with OA vs. RA. CONCLUSIONS: OA use was associated with lower unadjusted but similar adjusted one-year MACE outcomes compared to RA with higher rates of dissection and device-induced perforation.