Utilization of <i>Cucumis Sativus</i> Peel as an Eco-Friendly Biosorbent for the Confiscation of Crystal Violet Dye from Artificially Contaminated Wastewater

Abstract

In the present investigation, the applicability of Cucumis sativus peel (CSP) waste as an inexpensive biosorbent for the confiscation of harmful crystal violet (CV) dye from synthetically polluted water was examined. The biosorbent was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The efficacy of CSP adsorbent for the dye elimination was evaluated by studying the various parameters, namely, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial dye concentration, pH, particle size, and temperature. The comprehensive adsorption isotherm analysis reflects that the CV-CSP system complies with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with maximum biosorption capacity (qm) of 149.25 (mg g-1). The kinetics of the adsorption process was found to be best followed by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic data indicates that the adsorption of crystal violet was feasible and endothermic in nature. The adsorbent regeneration was observed to be best obtained in sodium chloride with 17.14 % desorption.