<p>Serological evidence of <em>Coxiella burnetii</em> infection in cattle and farm workers: is Q fever an underreported zoonotic disease in Ecuador?</p>

Abstract

<b>Background:</b> Q fever is an underreported zoonotic disease of cattle and men in most countries of the world. Very little information about the prevalence of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> infection in animals and humans comes from South and Central America and systematic studies are lacking. <b>Methods:</b> A seroprevalence survey for Q fever amongst cattle, farm workers and students was conducted in Ecuador using a commercial ELISA kit. <b>Results:</b> Survey results showed an unexpectedly high prevalence of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> antibodies in dairy cattle (43%) and in farm workers (34%). In addition, a clinical case in a human of acute Q fever in the convalescent stage was detected. <b>Conclusion:</b> We conclude that the disease is endemic in Ecuador but is overlooked by medical and laboratory personnel. Q fever should be considered a public health issue in Ecuador and further research into the clinical relevance of this infection is recommended.