Costs and training results of an objectively validated cadaveric perfusion‐based internal carotid artery injury simulation during endoscopic skull base surgery

Abstract

Surgeons can be trained to manage ICAI in a single, brief, low-cost session. Although all groups improved, training an ICAI-naive or resident cohort may maximize training results. A perfused-cadaver model is a reproducible, realistic, and low-cost method for training surgeons to manage life-threatening ICAI during an EEA.