Biosynthesis, Optimization and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Soil Isolate of Bacillus pseudomycoides MT32 and their Antifungal Activity Against some Pathogenic Fungi

Abstract

I n fact, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles has received considerable attention in the last decades due to their intrinsic merits i.e., ultrafine size, high surface area to volume ratio, optical, electrical, magnetic, catalytic and thermal properties (Chowdhury et al., 2016).Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) is defined as a silver mineral with very small size (10-100 nm).They attracted the attention of workers in different fields all over the world due to the unique chemical and physical properties and they are generally having today a promising application in medicine, agriculture, environment remediation, food technology, water treatment etc. (Singh et al., 2015).Different microorganisms i.e. bac-teria, actinomycetes, and fungi have been studied for synthesis of bio silver nanoparticles.They synthesized SNPs when grab target ions (Ag + ) from their habitats and turn metal ions into the elemental form (Ag 0 ) through generated enzymes, NADH -and NADPH-dependent reductase enzyme (Benzerara et al., 2010).In recent years, plenty numbers of studies are focused mainly on microorganisms due to the fact that synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) by microorganisms is more convenient than other ways and bacteria, in question are silver (S) resistant due to the specific genetic and biochemical mechanisms (Singh et al., 2015), and they are also, fast growth, easy to cultivate and handle and their ability to research