Photophysical properties and photodynamic therapy activity of a<i>meso</i>-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin tetramethyl ester–graphene quantum dot conjugate

Abstract

A<italic>meso</italic>-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin tetramethyl ester and the Zn and GaCl derivatives were π–π stacked with graphene quantum dots to form conjugates and their photophysical and photodynamic therapy properties were investigated.