One‐Step Synthesis of the N and P Co–Doped Nest‐Like Mesoporous Carbon by a Microwave‐Assisted Ultra‐High Temperature Solvothermal Method for Supercapacitor Application

Abstract

Abstract Herein, we report a microwave‐assisted ultra‐high temperature solvothermal method for fabricating a nitrogen and phosphorus co‐doped nest‐like mesoporous carbon under ambient atmosphere. The reported method exhibits high energy efficiency, ultra‐fast carbonization rate, and inert atmosphere protection free fabrication process. The carbonization process of precursor completes in 5∼10 min, and no apparent increase for surface oxygen content is observed for the obtained material even it is fabricated under oxygen‐riched ambient atmosphere. The obtained material fabricated by the reported method exhibits a nest‐like mesoporous morphology and high specific surface area (up to 922 m 2 g −1 ), which nitrogen and phosphorus doping content reaches up to 3.45 and 1.26 at.%, respectively. When used as an electrode material for supercapacitor, the obtained material exhibits good capacitive performance, which specific capacitance reaches up to 171 F g −1 , and more than 89.9% of initial capacitance is retained even under a high current density of 20 A g −1 , the capacitance retention rate reaches up to 96.2% after 5000 charge/discharge cycles.