Water Quality Changes during Riverbank Filtration in Budapest, Hungary

Abstract

The paper gives an overview on the changes in water quality during riverbank filtration (RBF) in Budapest. As water from the Danube River is of high quality, no problems occur during regular operation of RBF systems. Additionally, water quality improved through the past three decades due to the implementation of communal wastewater treatment plants and the decline of extensive use of artificial fertilizers in agriculture. Algae counts are used as tracer indicators to identify input of surface water into wells and to make decisions regarding shutdowns during floods. RBF systems have a high buffering capacity and resistance against accidental spills of contaminants in the river, which was proven during the red mud spill in October 2010. The removal rate of microorganisms was between 1.5 log and 3.5 log efficiency and is in the same order as for other RBF sites worldwide.