Effect of basic oxygen furnace slag particle size on sequestration of carbon dioxide from landfill gas

Abstract

The mineral carbon sequestration capacity of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag offers great potential to absorb carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from landfill emissions. The BOF slag is highly alkaline and rich in calcium (Ca) containing minerals that can react with the CO 2 to form stable carbonates. This property of BOF slag makes it appealing for use in CO 2 sequestration from landfill gas. In a previous study, CO 2 and CH 4 removal from the landfill gas was investigated by performing batch and column experiments with BOF slag under different moisture and synthetic landfill gas exposure conditions. The study showed two stage CO 2 removal mechanism: (1) initial rapid CO 2 removal, which was attributed to the carbonation of free lime (CaO) and portlandite [(Ca(OH) 2 )], and (2) long-term relatively slower CO 2 removal, which was attributed to be the gradual leaching of Ca 2+ from minerals (calcium-silicates) present in the BOF slag. Realising that the particle size could be an important factor affecting total CO 2 sequestration capacity, this study investigates the effect of gradation on the CO 2 sequestration capacity of the BOF slag under simulated landfill gas conditions. Batch and column experiments were performed with BOF slag using three gradations: (1) coarse (D 50 = 3.05 mm), (2) original (D 50 = 0.47 mm), and (3) fine (D 50 = 0.094 mm). The respective CO 2 sequestration potentials attained were 255 mg g −1 , 155 mg g −1 , and 66 mg g −1 . The highest CO 2 sequestration capacity of fine BOF slag was attributed to the availability of calcium containing minerals on the slag particle surface owing to the highest surface area and shortest leaching path for the Ca 2+ from the inner core of the slag particles.