Myocarditis with checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy: case report of late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance with pathology correlate

Abstract

According to the literature, cardiac complications develop in less than 1% of patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors, with a 0.06% incidence reported in nivolumab specifically. However, it may be higher, given the lack of cardiac monitoring during treatment. We present the first case demonstrating direct histological correlation of T-lymphocytic infiltration with areas of LGE on CMR. Future investigation using CMR for early detection of inflammation and left ventricular dysfunction may help to diagnosis disease earlier.